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Sub-Saharan African countries account for around one-third of the total, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter 2 together accounting for over 40% of the overall). Including, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the 5 years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked greater than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed up 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman increased 17 ranks throughout the duration. The caught or even worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural change has actually stalled.
shows a considerable increase in average EDI ratings from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the initial duration versus 2020-24). with UAE outshining in the trade sub-index (supported by recent bilateral trade contracts & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially provided the surge in medium & state-of-the-art production information).

Its diversification metrics have stagnated, revealing the least improvement in between the initial (2000-04) and last (2020-24) referral periods., despite the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon expansion was supported by the GCC's robust domestic need (supported by a strong task pipeline and application) and strong services sector performance.
Future GCC Investment Shifts for 2026 Global MarketsKuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in a boost in non-hydrocarbon earnings, "mainly reflecting non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and revenue collection effectiveness improvements", according to the IMF. In the current geopolitical environment defined by magnifying, it remains in the very best interests of commodity dependent countries to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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